Mayo Clinic Proceedings, 01/17/2017
The target of this study was to assess the impact of eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acid (EPA+DHA) on coronary heart disease (CHD), and to lead meta–analyses of prospective cohort studies to estimate the association between EPA+DHA consumption and CHD risk. Outcomes show that EPA+DHA might be connected with lessening CHD risk, with a greater benefit found among higher–risk populations in RCTs.
Methods
- For this study they design a systematic literature search. From January 1, 1947, to November 2, 2015 they search Ovid/Medline, PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library, 18 RCTs and 16 prospective cohort studies examining EPA+DHA from foods or supplements and CHD, including myocardial infarction, sudden cardiac death, coronary death, and angina, were recognized.
- Random–effects meta–analysis models were utilized to generate summary relative risk estimates (SRREs) and 95% CIs.
- Heterogeneity was analyzed in subgroup and sensitivity examinations and by meta–regression.
- Dose–response was assessed in stratified dose or consumption investigations.
- Publication bias evaluations were performed.
Results
- Among RCTs, there was a nonstatistically significant decrease in CHD risk with EPA+DHA provision (SRRE=0.94; 95% CI, 0.85–1.05).
- Subgroup examinations of information from RCTs demonstrated a statistically significant CHD risk decrease with EPA+DHA provision among higher–risk populations, including participants with elevated triglyceride levels (SRRE=0.84; 95% CI, 0.72–0.98) and elevated low–density lipoprotein cholesterol (SRRE=0.86; 95% CI, 0.76–0.98).
- Meta–analysis of information from prospective cohort studies resulted in a statistically significant SRRE of 0.82 (95% CI, 0.74–0.92) for higher consumptions of EPA+DHA and risk of any CHD event.