In The Blue Mountains Eye Study, which included 2,349 participants, researchers examined the associations of flavonoid and flavonoid-rich wholefood intakes with all-cause mortality and the moderating effects of risk factors for early mortality. Using US Department of Agriculture food composition databases, they calculated flavonoid intake from baseline food frequency questionnaires, and they used adjusted Cox proportional hazards models to analyze associations. The investigators found that—especially for people with at least one early mortality risk factor (eg, smoking, high alcohol consumption, no regular exercise, or obesity)—moderate to high flavonoid intake and certain flavonoid subclasses may offer some health benefits. Specifically, apple consumption, tea, and individual flavonoid compounds, quercetin and epicatechin, were linked to a lower risk of all-cause mortality among participants with at least one risk factor, but not among others.